Fig 2: Representative Western blot of the effect of C-phycoerythrin (C-PE) on HgCl2-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress through the PERK/p-eIF2α (Ser 52)/ATF4/GADD153 and PERK/p-eIF2α (Ser 52)/ATF6α/GADD153 pathways.

Fig 3: Effect of C-phycoerythrin (C-PE) on HgCl2-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress through the PERK/p-eIF2α (Ser 52)/ATF4-GADD153 and PERK/p-eIF2α (Ser 52)/ATF6α/GADD153 pathways in the kidney. An evaluation was made of the expression of PERK (A), p-eIF2α (Ser 52) (B), ATF4 (C), GADD153 (D), GADD34 (E), and ATF6α (F). Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 3 mice/group). OD, optical density. * p < 0.05 vs. the control group.

Fig 4: Effect of gallic acid on hypothyroidism-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress through PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-GADD153 pathway in the hippocampus of adult rats. The protein expresión evaluated were PERK (A), p-eIF2α (Ser 52) (B), eIF2α (C), ATF4 (E), GADD153 (F), GADD34 (G), ATF6α (H) and the p-eIF2α (Ser 52)/eIF2α ratio (D). (I) shows the blot of the protein expression. Values represent the mean ± SEM. (*) p < 0.05 vs. Euthyroid group same treatment group. (**) p < 0.05 vs. hypothyroid + vehicle group.

Fig 5: ER stress response to sustained bilirubin levels. a Relative mRNA expression analysis of different genes to assess the ER stress response over prolonged bilirubin exposure. WT and Ugt1 -/- mice mRNA expression levels of ATF3, CHOP and CD95/Fas were analysed at indicated time points by qRT-PCR. For each gene, data were normalized according to the values of the WT samples at P5. For all the experiments values represent the mean ± SD. Two-way ANOVA test, *p < 0.05. The number of WT and Ugt1 -/- was ≥3 in all the experiments and time points. b Representative IF of cerebellar sections from WT and Ugt1 -/- mice at P5 using an anti-CHOP antibody (red), co-stained with (left panel) an anti-calbindin antibody (green) to highlight Purkinje cells or (right panel) anti-NeuN to highlight granule cells. c Representative IF of cerebellar sections at P10 using an anti-CD95/Fas antibody (green), an anti-calbindin antibody (red) to highlight Purkinje cells. d Representative IF of cerebellar sections at P10 using an anti-CHOP antibody (red), co-stained with (left panel) an anti-calbindin antibody (green) or (right panel) anti-Iba1 to highlight microglia. e Representative IF of cerebellar sections at P10 using an anti-Calbindin antibody (red), co-stained with an anti-Iba1 antibody (green). For IF, Hoechst dye (blue) was used to mark nuclei. Scale bar 50 μm